Advancements in Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing: Present Landscape and Emerging Frontiers

Authors: Dr Anna Zarfishan

DOI: 10.18231/j.jchm.12297.1878812613

Keywords: Non-invasive prenatal testing; DNA; Fetus; Future

Abstract: Non-invasive prenatal testing, or NIPT, is a safer option for detecting fetal chromosomal abnormalities. NIPT provides the opportunity to screen for or identify characteristics related to the fetus. Over the past 20 years, there has been a shift from invasive to non-invasive prenatal diagnostic methods. Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA), which the placenta releases into the mother's bloodstream, is a key component of NIPT tests. Understanding how NIPT originated is essential now that the test has proven its clinical value in prenatal screening and diagnosis. This narrative review aims to describe the technical features of NIPT, including its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the history of prenatal testing and future directions to explore.