Economics of Universal Health Coverage in India: A Comparative Analysis

• Dr Sumesh Kumar,*  
• Ojaswini Bakshi,  
• Dr. Yvonne Bui

Abstract

The affordability and accessibility of medical services has become a hurdle in a healthy life. This reflects the importance of Universal Health Coverage (UHC). The present paper highlights economic and financial aspects of UHC in India in comparison of countries under study. The study aims to find out the sources of funding UHC in the selected countries and to suggest thorough implementation of UHC in India. The data has been collected through various secondary sources. Countries have been selected based on their higher ranks relative to India in the UHC service coverage index to have a better perspective of UHC implementation. India needs to cover entire population under UHC. Current health expenditure as a percentage of GDP and current health expenditure per capita, in India is less than countries under study. This is reflected in high out of pocket expenditure in India. India should focus on more comprehensive UHC. Funds should be efficiently utilized, and more funds need be allocated to the Ayushman Bharat Scheme. Coordination between State and Center Governments is key in extending the area of UHC.

Keywords

Universal Health Coverage, UHC, Economics, Insurance, Financing, Health